回到亚里士多德——麦金太尔《德性之后》的解读与启示

Returning to Aristotle's Tradition of Virtue——The research of Macintyre's After Virtue

麦金太尔认为现代西方世界已经出现了深刻的道德危机和道德理论的危机。因此,他在《德性之后》中提出了他的德性论。他认为当代的道德危机就在于自启蒙运动以来的三百多年间,人们抛弃了具有两千多年传统的亚里士多德伦理思想。而走出西方伦理困境的出路就在于回到亚里士多德。就现代社会中出现的各种伦理思潮,如后现代主义、价值中立、普世伦理、新自由主义、社群主义、民族主义、个人主义等而言,麦金太尔的德性论研究无疑为伦理思想的研究和发展提供了十分有益的启示和反思。

Facing up with the crisis of moral implement and ethic theory,A. Macintyre put forward his theory of virtue in his book After Virtue. He thought that the reason for the moral crisis was that people had disregarded Aristotle＇ s tradition of virtue for 2000 years since western enlightenment movement began more than 300 years ago, and the settlement of it was to return to Aristotle＇ s tradition of virtue. In contemporary China there are various thoughts, such as post-modernism, value neutrality, general ethics, new liberalism, social mass view, nationalism, egoism, and so on, and Macintyre＇s Theory of Virtue can provide many beneficial instructions and deep ideas without doubt.