四种木本植物油制取生物柴油的研究

Study on Preparation of Bio-diesel with Four Woody Plant Oils

生物柴油原料成本是制约生物柴油商业化应用的主要障碍。麻疯树、光皮树、油茶、油桐主要分布于南亚热带和中亚热带,具有分布广、适应性强和经济产量高的特点,其果实或种子油均可作为生物柴油的原料油利用。为了筛选分布广、适应性强和经济产量高及价格低廉的原料,选择麻疯树油、光皮树油、茶油、桐油为原料油,以菜子油作对照通过正交试验筛选反应优化条件。结果表明,茶油、光皮树油及麻疯树油在以下条件:醇油比A((5-7):1),催化荆用量B (0.9-1.1),反应温度C(40-60℃),反应时间D(60-120 min)可以成功地制取生物柴油。最佳反应条件为:茶油A2B3C2D2;光皮树油A1B3C2D3;麻疯树油A3B2C3D3;桐油A3B1C1D1;对照菜油A2B1C3D2。

Jatropha curcas L. , Comus wilsoniana, Camellia oleifera and Vernicid fordii are woody oil plants distributed mainly in south and center of subtropics. These plants have some characteristics such as wide distribution, strong adaptability and highyield. Demand of renewable and clean bio-diesel to replace fossil diesel is big and urgent in China. To meet the requirement for increasing bio-diesel production, stable supply of feed stocks is important. Feasibility study of using lower-cost bio-diesel feedstock has been conducted. Oils extracted from Camellia oleiferal （COO）, Jatropha curcas （JCO）, Cormus wilsoniana （CWO） and Verniciafordii （VFO） were used for bio-diesel preparation. Orthogonal experiment results showed that COO, JCO and CWO can be transesterificated successfully under the following conditions ： 1 ） mole ratio of methanol to oil A （（5-7） ： 1 ） ; 2） dosage of catalyst B（0.9-1.1 ） ; 3 ）reaction temperature C （40-60 ℃ ） ; 4）reaction time D （60-120 rain）. The optimum conditions are A1B3C2D3 for CO0 feedstock, A1B3C2D3 for CWO,A3B2C3D3 for JCO, A3B1C1D1 for VFO and A2B1C3D2for rapeseed oil （as contrast）.