塔式起重机结构系统动态优化设计

Dynamic Optimum Design of Tower Crane Structures

为提高塔式起重机的动态性能,建立了以动刚度为优化目标的塔机结构系统动态优化数学模型．通过模态分析及简谐振动响应分析确定影响塔机动态性能的关键模态频率,并以此作为优化目标,对主要结构参数进行灵敏度分析,以确定塔机动态优化的设计变量．以塔机结构系统质量、静强度、静刚度、动态位移响应幅值等为约束条件．实例分析表明,采用这种动态优化方法,动位移幅值降低59．5％,结构质量减少11．2％．

To improve the dynamic performances of tower cranes, a dynamic optimum mathematical model was established to optimize the dynamic stiffness. The key modal frequency was determined based on modal analysis and harmonic response analysis, and the modal frequency was taken as the optimization objective. Sensitivity analysis was done for all structural parameters to decide the dynamic optimum design variables. The restraints to the model include mass of the structure, static strengths, static stiffness and dynamic displacement response amplitudes. A design case shows that with the method, the dynamic displacement is reduced by 59.5% with an decrease in mass by 11.2%.