国外现行中学体育与健康课程内容(标准)的比较研究

Comparative Research on the Contents of Physical Education and Health Course in Foreign Middle Schools

对英国、美国、新西兰、加拿大和日本中学体育与健康课程内容(标准)进行了比较研究,结果表明:几个国家中学体育健康课程内容发展的共同趋势是以学习领域来划分体育课程内容;重视发展学生体能和运动技能的内容;体育课程内容呈现弹性和选择性,适应个别差异;体育与健康教学内容的有机结合;重视终身体育的内容,加强与生活的联系。对我国中学体育与健康课程内容改革的启示:适应社会发展、科学发展的需要;注重学校体育主体需求,关注学生的个体差异;重视增进学生的健康,重视体育与健康的有机统一,加强体育健康知识教育;形式上应呈现多样化、弹性化和乡土化;反映终身体育目标的要求,注重竞技性、健身性和娱乐性的统一;我国中学体育与健康课程学习领域应给出达到内容要求的知识和技能样例。

This paper comparatively analyzes and researches the contents of physical education and health course in England, USA, New Zealand, Canada, and Japan. The results show that the common development trend of the contents of physical education and health course in foreign countries is to mark off the contents of P.E. according to the learning fields, attach importance to the contents of fitness and motor skills, show the flexibility and selectivity of the contents, fit with the individual differences, combine P.E. with health teaching, .emphasize the lifelong P.E., and strengthen its contact with life. The inspiration for Chinese curricular contents＇ reform is that the contents should meet the needs of society and scientific development, pay attention to students＇ needs, care for the individual differences, emphasize the functions of strengthening students＇ health, combine P.E. with health education, strengthen the education of P.E. and health knowledge, show diversification, flexibility and local characteristics, reflect the needs of lifelong P.E., and pay attention to the unification of athletics, body building and entertainment. In the learning fields the samples of knowledge and skills should be provided to meet the demands of contents.