164例隧道工矽肺死亡病例分析

Analysis Of 164 Death Cases With Tunnel Worker's Silicosis

目的探讨隧道工矽肺的死亡特点及其影响因素,为尘肺病防治提供依据。方法对某铁路工程施工企业1963-2004年间确诊的489例隧道矽肺(死亡164例,现患325例)按全国尘肺流行病学调查方案建立尘肺病例卡,使用Access软件建立数据库,SPSS10.0软件进行统计分析。结果489例隧道工矽肺死亡164例,全死因病死率33.54%,平均死亡年龄63.26岁,随死亡年代的延长而延长(P<0.01);合并结核矽肺病死率(55.24%)明显高于单纯矽肺病死率(27.60%)(P<0.01);肺心病、肺癌、尘肺、肺结核、肺炎构成隧道工矽肺前五位死因。结论应加强隧道工呼吸系统疾病的职业健康监护。

Objective To investigate the death characteristics of tunnel workers with silicosis and its influence factor so as to provide basis for silicosis control and prevention. Methods 489 tunnel workers with silicosis in 1963 -2004 were investigated in scheme according to national pneumoconiosis epidemiology, Access software was used to set up the database. The data were analyzed with SPSS10.0 software. Results Among 489 tunnel workers with silicosis, 164 were dead. Fatality rate of whole death cause was 33.54%. The average age of the death cases was 63.26 years old. Fatality rate （55. 24% ） of silicosis combined with TB was obviously higher than that （27.60%） of silicosis only. Chronic pulmonary heart disease, lung cancer, pneumoconiosis, pulmonary tuberculosis, pneumonia formed the first five death causes of tunnel worker with silicosis. Conclusion Monitoring of occupational health of tunnel workers with silicosis and respiratory disease should be strengthened.