信用合作社体制改革法律问题研究

A Research on Legal Issues in System Reform of Credit Cooperatives

在运行机制上,集体所有制性质的信用合作社与国有商业银行一样,存在着一系列弊端。能否对信用合作社进行彻底的改革,关系到“新农村建设”的成败问题。对于信用合作社的改革,在主体型态的选择上,应摈弃“股份合作制”的模式,而据情选择股份制商业银行或本色的信用合作社作为主体型态;在信用合作社的组建方式上,应尊重社员自身的选择;在在功能上,应突出信用合作社的地域性、互助性、非营利性特点;在产权结构上,应放弃缺乏归属性的“集体”的股权成分,以社员的股权为基础。惟此,信用合作社的本质功能才能得到充分的体现。

As to the working system, there are series of malpractices in the collective credit cooperatives as well as in the state-owned commercial banks. Whether a thorough reform can be carried out in credit cooperatives will be concerned with the success or failure of ＂Construction for New Country＂. In the selection of the model, the reform in credit cooperatives should abandon the model of ＂share cooperative＂ and choose the model of either shareholding commercial bank or pure credit cooperative according to the circumstances. In the mode to establish credit cooperatives, members＇ own options should be esteemed. In the functions, the regional, cooperative and non-profit-making features of credit cooperatives should be highlighted. In the property structure, the ＂collective＂ equity should be abandoned for its lack in ownership, on a members＂ equity basis instead. Only in this way can the essential functions of credit cooperatives be fully manifested.