不同氮肥运筹对冬小麦产量、蛋白质及其组分的影响

Effect of different fertilization way on yield and protein content of winter wheat under water-saving cultivation system

2003～2004年在大田节水栽培条件下,研究了3个施氮水平(157.5 kg/hm2、226.5 kg/hm2、295.5kg/hm2)下氮肥一次性底施与分次施用(底肥+拔节期追肥)对两个小麦品种(强筋麦济南17与中筋麦石家庄8号)品质和产量的影响。结果表明:节水栽培条件下不同氮素水平及等量氮肥一次性基施与分次施用两小麦品种产量差异不显著,过量施用氮肥产量反而有所下降;施氮越多,氮肥生产力越低;不同处理对两品种小麦籽粒蛋白质及其各组分的影响也同样没有达到显著水平。

Winter wheat Jinan 17 and Shiiiazhuang 8 were used as plant materials to study the effects of rates （157.5, 226.5, 295.5 kg/hm^2） and time of nitrogen application （basal nitrogen application before sowing, split nitrogen application before sowing and at jointing respectively） on yield, grain protein content, protein components content, nitrogen productivity and water use efficiency under water - saving cultivation system. The main results are as follows： The grain yield didn＇t significantly increase from 157.5 kg/hm^2 to 295.5 kg/hm^2 nitrogen level, or between basal nitrogen fertilizer and split nitrogen fertilizer at the same nitrogen level. The protein content and protein composition content were not significantly increased. The productivity of nitrogen and water use efficiency decreased from 157.5 kg/hm^2 to 295.5 kg/hm^2. The productivity of nitrogen was higher by basal fertilizer than by spit fertilizer at the 157.5 kg/hm^2 nitrogen level, but lower by basal fertilizer than by split fertilizer at 226.5 kg/hm^2 nitrogen level. The water use efficiency of Shijiazhuang 8 increased from 157.5 kg/hm^2 to 295.5 kg/hm^2, but there was no difference between different nitrogen fertilization ways at the same nitrogen level.