鲫鱼肝脏AChE的提取及有机磷农药对AChE的抑制效应研究

Study on Crucian Liver Extraction and Restraining Effects to AChE by Organophosphorus Pesticides

本研究利用淡水鲫鱼肝脏为主要原材料提取乙酰胆碱酯酶(acetylcholinesterase,AChE),并设计正交试验确定了鲫鱼肝脏中乙酰胆碱酯酶的最佳提取条件:通过酶抑制法衡量敌敌畏、辛硫磷、三唑磷、乐果等四种不同种类有机磷农药对粗酶液的抑制作用;将鱼肝和鱼脑中乙酰胆碱酯酶活性及蛋白含量的进行对比研究。研究结果表明:提取液pH值、提取液种类以及原料与提取液的质量体积比对酶液的活性影响显著;被测四种有机磷农药中,敌敌畏对AChE活性抑制作用最强。鱼脑的AChE比酶活是肝脏的AChE比酶活的3～7倍。

In this paper, Crucian was used as the raw material. A three factors three levels orthogonal test was used to confirm the optumum extracting conditions of acetyl cholinesterase（AChE） from the Crucian liver so as to analyze the protein content and enzyme activity in the AChE coarse enzyme solution and compare the AChE activity and protein content in the liver and brain. As the enzyme restrain method was used to evaluate the restraining effects of dichlorvos, phoxim, triazophos, dimethoate in the coarse enzyme solution. The results of this study showed the pH, the type of the extraction solution and the quality volume ratio of the raw material to the extraction solution affect the activity of the enzyme significantly. Among the four organic phosphorus pesticides, dichlorvos shows the greatest restrain effect.