论胎儿物质性人格法益的保护

The Protection of the Material Character Legal Interests of Fetus

自罗马法以来,关于“胎儿”法益的保护就一直是民法学家悬而未决的一个古老话题。由于胎儿生理上的特殊性,因此,胎儿法益的保护总是与科学技术水平紧密联系在一起。随着生命科学技术和现代医学技术的迅猛发展,随着胎儿手术、冷冻胚胎、治疗性克隆以及胎儿组织移植等新型医学术语的出现,关于胎儿的立法现状与实际生活之间的矛盾更加突出。我国的立法现状与现实之间的冲突尤甚。因此,应着重对胎儿概念的外延和内涵以及胎儿的物质性人格法益等进行深入研究,以期对我国民事立法有所补益。

From the summary of Roman law,the protection of ＂fetus＂ legal benefits on civil law has been an unsettled ancient topic of experts in civil laws. Because of the fetal physiological specificity, the protection of the fetus＇ legal benefits is always closely linked with science and technology. With the rapid development of life science technologies and modern medical technology, with the appearance of new types of medical terminology, such as the fetal surgery ,frozen embryos, therapeutic cloning, the contradictions between the fetus＇ legislative status and the real life becomes more prominent, especially the one between China＇ s legislative status and the reality. Therefore, the author,based on consulting a large number of papers about law, medicine and ethics, makes a few personal observations, focusing on the discussion of the extension of the concept of fetal and fetal material personality＇ s legal benefits.