牛粪湿法厌氧消化规律及载体影响的研究

Rules of anaerobic digestion of cow manure by wet method and the effect of carriers

在35℃条件下,观察牛粪厌氧消化的沼气产量和生物指标的变化规律及聚丙烯网状空心球、玻璃纤维和碳纤维膜载体对牛粪厌氧消化性能的影响.结果表明：5%牛粪在厌氧发酵过程中,pH值在发酵的第3 d降到最低,在发酵的第7 d升高到7以上;沼气的产量约在发酵的第9 d达到高峰,而后逐渐降低;COD的去除主要发生在发酵的第4～8 d;发酵产物细菌数量在发酵第6 d达到高峰,在第12 d降低到一个基本相对稳定的水平;辅酶F420活性与其细菌数量在时间和数量方面有着相同的变化规律.聚丙烯网状球形载体表面附着较多的微生物,由此延长产气高峰期,并显著提高沼气产量（p＜0.05）,以及显著降低反应器厌氧微生物的流失（p＜0.01）.

Experiments were conducted to observe the effects of polypropylene net ball, fiberglass and carbon fiber film carriers on biogas production, pH values, COD removal rate, microorganism and activity of coenzyme F420 in the outflow fermented and fermentation rules in the anaerobic condition of 5% cow manure, pH values decreased to the lowest at the third day of fermentation, then increased above 7 at the 7th day of it. Biogas output reached the highest pinnacle at the ninth day of it, then decreased gradually. COD removing happened mainly during 4-8 day of fermentation. The amount of bacteria in the outflow fermented was the highest at the sixth day of it, then decreased to relatively stabilizing level during 12-26 day of it. The activity of coenzyme F420 was the same changing rule as the amount of bacteria in the outflow fermented. Polypropylene adhered more anaerobic microbes to its surface, and prolonged pinnacle significantly and increased biogas yield （p 〈 0.05） and reduced significantly outflow of microorganism with outflow of fermented manure （p 〈 0.01）.