“当今的法国国王”是“摹状词”还是“专名”——论罗素关于“摹状词”和“专名”的划分

"Current French King": "a Description "or" a Proper Name"?——the understanding to Russell's division of " the description " and " the proper name "

在现代西方哲学中,关于罗素摹状词理论的研究很多,其中对罗素关于“摹状词”和“专名”划分的认识存在很大分歧。其观点主要有二种:一是认为摹状词是伪装的专名,不是真正的专名;二是认为摹状词分为非限定性摹状词和限定性摹状词,其中限定性摹状词就是专名。实际上,罗素是把摹状词分为非限定性摹状词和限定性摹状词,其中限定性摹状词与专名有关,他认为专名是缩略的限定性摹状词,但限定性摹状词不完全是专名。

In western contemporary philosophy, there are lots of researches on Russell＇ s Theory of Description But great differences exist in the understanding the division of ＂the description and the proper name＂ of Russell＇s Theory. Its views mainly have two kinds： some people thought that the proper name was a disguised description, not areal proper name. Others regarded that the description was divided into the indefinite description and the definite description and the definite description was just the proper name. In fact, Russell divided the description into the indefinite description and the definite description, in which the definite description was rehted to the proper name. He thought the proper name was the shorten definite description, but not all definite descriptions were proper name.