DMPP对氮素垂直迁移转化及淋溶损失的影响

Effect of DMPP on Inorganic Nitrogen Transformation and Leaching in Vertical Flow of Simulated Soil Column

采用自制模拟原状土柱装置,进行新型硝化抑制剂3,4-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐(3,4-dimethyl pyrazole phosphate,DMPP)对氮素淋溶效应试验,探讨其对氮素垂直迁移转化及降低淋溶损失的影响.结果表明,尿素添加1%的DMPP后,与不添加DMPP尿素相比,在60 d内能有效抑制土壤铵氧化反应的发生,显著提高20 cm以上耕作层土壤水铵态氮的浓度,降低硝态氮和亚硝态氮的浓度;20 cm以下深层土壤水铵态氮的浓度与未加DMPP的处理无显著差异,并没有明显导致铵态氮的垂直迁移;深层土壤水硝态氮的浓度显著低于未加DMPP的处理,明显降低硝态氮垂直迁移的淋溶损失;随施氮量增加,添加DMPP尿素的处理,60 d内土壤水中铵态氮与硝态氮的浓度在40 cm以下深层剖面并没有明显增加,其垂直迁移的淋溶损失差别不大.常规尿素添加1%的DMPP,可以调控土壤氮素的迁移转化,有利于土水环境的保护,降低对地下水氮素污染的潜在风险,具有显著的生态效益.

Using a multi-layer soil column device, the effect of new nitrification inhibitor DMPP （3,4-dimethyl pyrazole phosphate） on nitrogen leaching was studied for understanding the nitrogen vertical transformation and lowering the nitrogen leaching losses. The results indicate that, within 60 days of experiment, the regular urea added with 1% of DMPP can effectively inhibit the ammonium oxidation in the soil, and improve the concentration of NH4^＋ -N in soil solution over the 20 cm tilth profile, while decline the concentrations of NO3^- -N and NO2^- -N. No obvious difference is found on NH4^＋ -N concentrations collected from deep layer soil solution under 20 cm between regular urea and the urea added with 1% of DMPP. There is also no significant difference for the NH4^＋ -N and NO3^- -N in the soil solution of deep layer under 40 cm among the treatments of urea by adding with 1% of DMPP within 60 days. So DMPP could be used as an effective nitrification inhibitor to control ammonium oxidation, decline the nitrate leaching losses, minimize the underground water pollution risk and be beneficial for the ecological environment.