大学物理教学中物理思想和方法的渗透

Infiltration of Physical Ideas and Methods in College Physical Teaching

物理学在长期的发展过程中形成的科学思想和方法不仅对物理学的研究,而且对整个自然科学甚至社会科学的研究都有较大的影响。学生能力的高低,在一定意义上表现为掌握科学思想和方法的多少和运用方法的灵活、熟练程度。理想化模型的方法还渗透到社会科学的领域。介绍了一些科学家们应用数学和实验结合来处理物理问题的思想方法,并举例说明了把一个复杂的问题看成一些简单问题的等效替代的方法等等。强调指出,掌握物理思想方法比掌握具体的物理知识更具有长远的意义。

The scientific ideas and methods in physics are formed in the course of the long - tern development. They have a greet influence not only on the research of physics but also on the whole of natural science and social science studies. In a certain sense,the level of student＇ s ability can be showed in how much they can master the scientific ideas and methods and in whether they can use the methods flexibly and skillfully. The idealized model has infiltrated into the forecast track in social science. This paper introduces some ideas and methods which scientists use to deal with the physical problems by means of the combination of mathematics and experiments. And it illustrates an equivalent alternative method which people can use to regard a complex question as a number of simple questions. The article emphasizes that to master the physical ideas and method is much more significant than to master specific knowledge of the physics.