工艺参数对陶瓷透水砖性能影响的研究

Study on effects of processing parameters upon properties of water permeable ceramic brick

采用煤渣、废瓷粒等工业废渣为骨料,以石灰石、白云石、长石、高岭土、石英和瓷石粉的混合料为高温粘结剂制备陶瓷透水砖,研究工艺参数对透水砖性能的影响。结果表明,随着煤渣用量的增加或成型压力的降低,透水砖的透水性能提高而机械强度降低。通过DTA-TG分析确定了在800℃保温4 h的优化烧成制度,有效避免了黑心和变形缺陷的产生。FE-SEM显微照片表明,合理的煤渣颗粒级配能使煤渣粗颗粒间形成孔径为0.5～1.5 mm的大气孔,而煤渣颗粒本身由于其中可燃物燃烧形成了孔径为数十个微米的微孔,这种特殊的结构赋予透水砖强度高、透水好的性能。

Water permeable ceramic brick has been fabricated by using industrial waste residue such as cinder and waste porcelain grain as aggregate, and using mixture of lime stone, dolomite, feldspar, kaolin, quartz and china stone as high temperature binder. The effect of process parameters on properties of the brick has been studied. The results show that with increase of cinder content or decrease of forming pressure, the water permeability of brick is improved while its mechanical strength reduced. By means of DTA-TG analysis, the optimal firing schedule of soaking at 800 ℃ for 4 hours is determined. Consequently, drawbacks of black core and deformation can be effectively avoided. FE-SEM micrographs of the brick indicate that proper grain grading of cinder enables the formation of big pores of 0.5-1.5 mm in diameter between coarse cinder particles while micropores of tens of microns are attributed to the combustion of inflammable constituents within cinder particles. This special microstructure provides the brick with high strength and good water permeability.