电子能态研究与接触电位差、温差电现象的新解释

Electron Energy State and a New Explanation of Contact Potential Difference and Thermoelectricity

用经典物理学模型和凝聚态物理学方法研究了载流子能态的问题，得出了如下的结论：载流子能态的能量是由其在品格势场中的电势能、轨道运动动能和热运动动能及定向运动对轨道运动影响的能量构成的。影响载流子在晶格势场中电势能的因素有载流子密度和外界温度，前者是以斥力势能的方式表现的，后者是以引力势能的方式表现的，载流子定向运动对其轨道运动动能产生影响但对其在品格势场中的电势能不产生影响。用新的观点解释了内接触电位差和温差电现象，指出，内接触电位差是载流子密度变化改变了载流子在晶格势场中的电势能的宏观表现。温差电现象是在同一电路中不同温度处载流子不同能态变化的反应。

By making use of the classic physics pattern and the condensed state physics method to study the carrier＇ s energy state, we have got the following conclusions： the energy of the cartier＇ s energy state consists of the potential energy in the potential field of lattice, the kinetic energy of orbital-motion, the kinetic energy of thermal motion and the energy of the directed movement＇ s influence on the orbital-motion. The factors influencing the carrier＇ s potential energy in the potential field of lattice are the carrier＇ s density and the outer temperature, the former realizes itself by repulsion, the latter displays itself by attraction, the carrier＇ s directed movement has some effect on the kinetic energy of orbital-motion, but does not exert influence on the potential field of lattice. And also the inner contact potential difference and thermoelectricity have been discussed by using new theories, showing the inner contact potential difference is a macro expression of the change of cartier＇ s density altering the cartier＇ s potential energy in the potential field of lattice, the thermoelectricity is cartier＇ s reflection of various energy states on the different thermo positions in the same electric circuit.