驻蓉干休所师以上离休干部慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者现状调查

Current Investigation of Chronic Obstructive Lung Diseases in Retired Cadres above Division Living in Chengdu

目的 调查70岁以上老年军人慢性阻塞性疾病（COPD）患者的生活质量、病情严重程度及预防治疗情况现状。方法 采用问卷调查、体格检查、实验室检查及肺功能检查相结合的方法，对定居成都市军队干休所师以上、70岁以上离休干部以往确诊为COPD、目前仍存活的330例患者进行群体调查，对已经死亡的81例进行回顾性分析。结果 COPD发病率为18．9％，平均病程15年，发病年龄大多集中在50～69岁，均有吸烟史，88．8％的患者并有其他基础疾病。生活质量比较差的78例（23．6％），生活质量极差的9例（2．7％）。COPD分级，Ⅰ级（轻度）65例（19．7％），Ⅱ级（中度）166例（50．3％），Ⅲ级（重度）99例（30％）。需长期药物及家庭氧疗的39例（11．8％），需长期住院的9例（2．7％）。结论 成都市70岁以上的军队离休干部的COPD发病率高于一般老年人群，吸烟是COPD的最危险因素，COPD仍然是严重影响老年人生活质量的主要疾病，注重缓解期的防治是减少反复发作、提高生活质量、保护肺功能的重要措施。

Objective To study the living quality, the sicken condition and the prevention of the senile patients over 70 years old with chronic obstructive lung diseases （COPD）. Methods A questionnaire investigation was made to 330 cases with COPD and physical examination ,lab examination and pulmonary function examination were given;and a retrospective analysis was made to 81 dead cases. Results The incidence of COPD was 18.9% ,the average disease course was 15 years,the incidence age was mostly between 50 and 69 ,all the patients with COPD had the history of smoking;88.8% of the investigated patients also suffered from other diseases;78 cases had poorer living quality （23.6%） while 9 cases had the worst living quality （2.7%） ;About COPD grades,there were 65 cases of Grade Ⅰ （ 19.7% ） ,166 cases of Grade Ⅱ （50. 3% ） and 99 cases of Grade Ⅲ （30%） ; 39 cases （ 11.8% ） needed drug treatment and home oxygen therapy for a long term and 9 cases （2.7%） had to be hospitalized for long time. Conclusions Smoking is the most dangerous factor of COPD and the main disease affecting the living quality of the senile people. Measures should be taken to decrease repeated attacks,to raise living quality and to protect pulmonary function.