作为超话语的存在:与“伤痕文学”相伴随的“社会主义新人”批评话语

Existence as a Supra-discourse:The Discourse of Criticism for "Socialist People of A New Type" Accompanying "Trauma Literature"

新时期伊始,“伤痕文学”作为第一波文学潮流出现在文坛。随即,评论界提出了“带着伤痕的新人”的这一批评话语,即作品不仅要揭露伤痕,更重要的是要表现新人,并开始提倡在文学作品中塑造“社会主义新人”形象。这一诉求是和新时期以来把现代化再度作为民族国家建设的目标这一想象同构的,或者说它是一种策略,通过这种诉求和策略来达到一种新的自我认同以及国家认同。论文试图考察“社会主义新人”这一批评话语在当时整个文学场域中的运作,回答塑造“新人”的欲望为何如此强烈和迫切的原因,并且探讨它在当时的整个文学语境中的“超话语”功能。

At the very beginning of the new period, ＂the trauma literature＂ emerged as the first round of literary trend on the literary arena, and presently the discourse of criticism--＂ the people of a new type with trauma＂ was advanced by the critical circles, which held that literary works should not only expose trauma but more importantly portray people of a new type as well and commenced advocating the conduct of delineating the image of ＂socialist people of a new type＂. Such an appeal was compatible with the target of modernization for the national construction since the new period, or in other words, it was a strategy by which a new serf-acceptance and national acceptance could be reached. This paper attempts to investigate into the utilization of the criticism discourse ＂ socialist people of a new type＂ in the then entire literary field to figure out the causes for the intenseness and urgency of the desire to delineate ＂people of a new type＂ and to probe into the ＂supra - discourse＂ functions of such a criticism discourse in the then entire literary context.