30例麻疹暴发疫情的调查分析

Analysis of the Measles Fulminate Epidemic Situation in 30 Cases

目的调查本地某乡镇一次麻疹疫情的流行强度,描述其三间分布,分析暴发原因及影响因素。方法现场流行病学调查,酶联免疫捕获法检测麻疹IgM抗体,作免疫空白与麻疹发病关联的病例对照研究。结果2006年5月～7月,该乡镇发生30例麻疹局部暴发,其中29例儿童麻疹,1例成人麻疹,5例麻疹IgM抗体阳性。发病地点主要为小学和和幼儿园,罹患率分别为7.94%、7.87%。免疫空白与发病关系研究表明,初种免疫空白OR=7.2,X2=6.84,复种免疫空白OR=11.0,X2=9.48;影响免疫空白形成的社会因素调查,未接受麻疹疫苗初种或复种儿童的父母双亲常年在外务工占82.4%(28/34),有麻疹疫苗接种史儿童的父母常年在外务工占35.3%(12/34),二者有统计学差异(X2=15.54)。结论免疫空白是麻疹暴发形成的重要因素,农村儿童的父母常年在外务工形成隔代抚养教育对计免工作有负面影响。

Objective To investigate epidemic strength of one time epidemic situation of measles in a small town local; to describe its three intervals distribute;to analyze its fulminate reason and influencing factor. Methods Through spot epidemiologic survey,measles IgM antibody have been detected by enzyme-linked immunocapture and case control study between blank immunization and measles have been done. Results Between May-July 2006, 30 local fulminate measles have occurred in this town. Of the total,29 were children ,1 was adult, 5 measles IgM antibody were positive. Morbility of measles in primary school is 7.94%, morbility of measles in kindergarten is 7,87%. ;research relates to blank immunization and morbility indicate,primary vaccination blank immunization OR= 7,2,X^2=6.84, second vaccination blank immunization OR=11,0,X^2=9.48; research of social factor of blank immunization indicate, parents of children without reception measles vaccine worked in some other place account 82.4% （28/34）and these with reception measles vaccine account 35.3%（12/34）.Both have statistics difference （X^2=15.54）, conclusions Blank immunization is important factor of fulminate measles. What parents worked in some other place average year will be harmful to program immunization.