毛细管电泳图谱在小麦品种鉴定中的应用及其与品质的关系

Application of Capillary Electrophoresis in Varietal Identification and Quality Prediction

为了给种质资源和育种研究、种子管理及新品种保护提供理论依据,用优质面包小麦中优9507和中优9701的4个杂交组合CA9614/中优9507、CA9614/中优9701、中优16/津麦2号//中优9701和中优9507/CA9640的46份高代品系,研究了毛细管电泳在鉴别亲缘关系很近的小麦品种中的应用潜力及醇溶蛋白组成与加工品质的关系。结果表明,4个杂交组合醇溶蛋白毛细管电泳分离峰的聚类分析结果与其选择历史一致,说明毛细管电泳是小麦品种(系)鉴定的有效方法。来自于同一F3或F4株系的亲缘关系很近的杂交后代在6-8 min或10-12 min的分离峰中存在较大差异,说明毛细管电泳能够用于鉴定亲缘关系很近的品种。品质表现一致的材料其醇溶蛋白组成无明显共性,说明醇溶蛋白组成对小麦蛋白质含量、SDS沉淀值和揉面特性等品质性状影响不大。

Capillary electrophoresis is an effective methodology for variety identification and widely used to separate wheat storage protein. Totally, 46 lines derived from crosses of CA9614/Zhongyou 9507, CA9614/Zhongyou 9701, Zhongyou 16/Jinmai 2//Zhongyou 9701, and Zhongyou 9507/ CA9640 were used to investigate the application of capillary eleetrophoresis in varietal identification for germplasm and breeding program, seed management and variety protection, and the relationship between gliadin component and processing quality. The cluster analysis of gliadin composition is consistent with pedigree and selection history of tested lines. And the small genetic difference between different lines from the same F3 or F4 individual could be discriminated in the peak of 6-8 min or 10-12 min by capillary eleetrophoresis. Therefore capillary eleetrophoresis is an effective technique for varietal identification. There is no obviously common gliadin composition between different lines with the same quality performance, which indicates that gliadin component has no-significant effect on processing quality such as protein content, SDS sedimentation, and Mixograph parameters.