广西锰矿废弃地优势植物及其土壤重金属含量

Dominant Plants and Their Heavy Metal Concentrations in Manganese Mine Wastelands,Guangxi

调查了广西平乐、荔浦、八一3个锰矿区废弃地植物,对13种优势植物及其土壤重金属含量进行测试和分析。结果表明,白茅、马唐、飞蓬、苍耳、耳草对重金属有较强的耐性,可作为生态恢复的先锋植物;木荷、商陆是Mn污染土壤植物修复的理想物种;地瓜榕是矿渣、尾矿坝等严重污染区良好的恢复植物。人工复垦种植的果树和经济作物,其食用部分ωPb、ωCr、ωCd均超标,故矿山恢复早期不宜直接种植果树和食用经济作物。

An extensive ecological survey and investigation were made in Pingle,Lipu and Bayi manganese mine wastelands ,Guangxi. Thirteen dominant species and their associated soils were used for heavy metal concentrations determination. The results showed that Imperata cylindrical,Digitaria sanguinalis, Erigeron acer, Xanthium sibiricurn and Hedyotis auricularia can be used as pioneer plants for revegetation of manganese-mined wastelands. Schirna superba and Phytolacca acinosa were proved to be ideal species in phytoremediation of Mn-contaminated soil. Ficus tikoua may be used as a good stabilizer for the loose slag dumps and tailings dams. The contents of Pb,Cr,and Cd in the edible parts of planted economic crops exceeded the prescribed safety limits, thus growing edible economic crops is not recommended in the wastelands especially at the early stage of ecological restoration.