水稻旱育秧苗期主要真菌病害病原的分离鉴定及防治研究

STUDIES ON THE ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF THE PATHOGENS OF PRIMARY FUNGOUS DISEASES AT THE SEEDLING STAGE OF UPLANDED CULTURED PADDY SHOOTS AND THEIR CONTROL

】从１６２０个水稻病株标样中，分离出４８６个病菌，经纯化鉴定出病原真菌１０种，以稻苗立枯丝核菌（Ｒｈｉｚｏｃｔｏｎｉａｏｒｙｚａｅ）和稻苗绵腐病菌类（Ａｃｈｌｙａｏ－ｒｙｚａｅ）为主。从稻种内外共分离鉴定出病菌９种，以稻粒黑粉病菌（Ｎｅｏｖｏｓｉａｈｏｒ－ｒｉｄａ）为主，次为稻恶苗病菌（Ｇｉｂｂｅｒｅｌａｆｕｊｉｋｕｒｏｉ）。从２４种药剂中，筛选出防效超过对照药敌克松的药剂依次是：卫稻２００ＦＦ，利克菌，拌种双，担菌灵，五氯硝基苯等。

Four hundred and eighty six isolates were obtained from 1620 diseased sample plants. Through purification, 19 pathogenic fungi were identified, with Rhizoctonia oryzae and Achlya oryzae being primary species. Nine pathogenic fungi were isolated and identified from the exterior and interior of rice seeds, with Neovossia horrida as the predominant species, followed by Gibberella fujikuroi. Of the 24 fungicides evaluated, five proved more effective in fungous disease control than Fenaminosulf, i.e. Vitavax 200 FF, Rizolex, thiram quintozene, mepronil and pentachloronitrobenzene.