高妻葡萄茎尖脱毒技术与高效再生体系研究

Research on virus-free meristem and high-efficient regeneration system of Gaoqi grape

对高妻葡萄无菌苗的启动诱导、热处理脱毒与微茎尖的诱导培养、增殖培养、生根培养以及试管苗移栽基质等进行了系统研究,建立了高妻葡萄无毒苗的高效再生体系。研究结果表明:启动诱导的最适培养基为MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+IAA 0.25 mg/L+GA 0.1 mg/L、诱导率达61.9%,无菌苗经昼38℃、夜35℃的变温处理40天后,其茎尖培养成活率达46.5%;诱导茎尖分化不定芽的最适培养基为MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+IAA 0.25 mg/L+GA 0.1 mg/L+CH 150 mg/L,茎尖成活率达54.6%、每个茎尖诱导的芽数达5.7;增殖培养的最适培养基为MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+KT 0.5 mg/L++IBA 0.2 mg/L,增殖倍数达6.3倍;生根培养的最适培养基为1/2MS+IBA 0.05 mg/L、1/2MS+IBA 0.10 mg/L、1/2MS+NAA 0.30 mg/L或1/2MS+IAA 0.50 mg/L,生根率达96%以上;试管苗驯化的最适基质为蛭石/泥炭(1:1)或蛭石/腐叶土(2:1)混合基质,成活率可达93%以上。

Gaoqi grape was used as material in this experiment. The start induction and heat-treatment devirus technique of sterile seedling were studied. The induction culture, multiplication culture, rooting culture and transplanting stroma were investigated as well. And high-efficient regeneration system of Gaoqi grape was constructed. The most suitable start induction medium was MS＋6-BA 1,0 mg/L＋IAA 0.25 mg/L＋GA 0.5 mg/L and the induction rate was 61.9%. The survival rate of sterile seedling after day 38℃ and night 35℃ treatment for 40 days was the highest （46.5%）. The most proper medium for inducing adventitious buds was MS＋6-BA 1.0 mg/L＋IAA 0.25 mg/L＋GA 0.1 mg/L＋CH 150 mg/L, the survival rate and reproduction buds reached 54,6% and 5.7, respectively. The most suitable medium for multiplication was MS＋6-BA 1.0 mg/L＋KT 0.5 mg/L＋IBA 0.2 mg/L and the reproducibility was 6,3. The suitable rooting medium was 1/2MS＋IBA 0.05 mg/L, 1/2MS＋IBA 0.10 mg/L, 1/2MS＋ NAA 0.30 mg/L, 1/2MS＋IAA 0.50 mg/L and the rooting rate was above 96%. The mixed stroma of vermiculite/Peat （1：1） and vermiculite/leaf mould（2：1） was most suitable for the transplant of test tube plantlet and the survival rate was up to 95.1%o