1Whorlow SL,Krum H.Meta-analysis of effect of beta-block theapy on mortality in patients with New York Heart Association Class IV Chronic congertive heart failure[J].Am J Cardiol,2000,86(8):886-889.
3Bristow MR.β-adrenergic receptor blockade in chronic heart failure[J].Circulation,2000,101:558-569.
4Adams Jr KF.Which β-blocker for heart failure? Editorial[J].Am Heart J,2001,141:884-888.
5Bristow MR.What type of β-blocker should be used to treat chronic heart failure[J]?Circulation,2000,102:484-486.
6Waagestein F,Bristow MR.Beneficial effect of metoprolol in idiopathic cardioaypathy[J].Lancet,1993,324(8885):1441-1446.
7CIBIS Investigators and Committees,A randomized trial of β-blockade in heart failure:the Cardiac Insufficiency Bisoprolol study(CIBIS)[J].Circulation,1994,90 (4):1765-1773.
8CIBIS-ⅡInvestigators and Committees,The Cardiac Insufficiency Bisoprolol Study Ⅱ(CIBIS-Ⅱ):randomized trial[J].1ancet,1999,353 (9146)9-13.
9MERIT-HF Study Group,Effect of metoprolol CR/XL in chronic heart failure:Metoprolol CR/XL randomized intervention trial in congestive heart failure:Metoprolol CR/XL randomized intervention trim in congestive heart failure (MERIT-HF)[J].Lancet,1999,353(9169):2001-2007.
10Colucci WS,Packer M.Carvedilol inhibits clinical progress in patients with mild symptoms of heart failure[J].Cimulation,1996,94:2800-2806.
二级参考文献1
1Consensus recommendations for the management of chronic heart failure.On behalf of the membership of the advisory council to improve outcomes nationwide in heart failure[].The American Journal of Cardiology.1999
