浅析《管子》论说文论证技巧

An Analysis of Argument skills in Guanzi

百家争鸣的战国时期,文学领域中论说文压倒一切。《管子》76篇多数为论说型,正是这一时代背景的反映。论说必须讲究论证技巧。《管子》中常见的论证技巧主要有:托古援经式权威论证,推前衍后式因果论证,正反对比式比较论证,“分别以明之”的解析论证,“譬称以喻之”的比喻论证,“以近知远,以一知万”的事例论证。

During the Warring States with many philosophers＇ debating with each other, argument essays prevailed over the others. Most of the 76 essays belonged to this kind, which is exactly the reflection of the social background. Demonstration must be based on argument skills. There are common ways for demonstration in Guanzi, such as the way of using ancient people＇s deeds and authoritybooks to prove a kind of view, the way of tracing the causes and effects of a phenomenon, the way of demonstration in contrast situations, the way of dividing a large one into small parts, the way of metaphor demonstration, and the way of knowing the otherwise unknown by analyzing the known.