杂交水稻氮钾肥施用量的研究

Nitrogen and potassium application on hybrid rice

通过设置氮钾肥不同施用量田间试验,观察对杂交水稻生育和产量的效应。结果表明:茎蘖数、叶面积和叶重随氮钾肥用量的提高而增加;群体生长率、茎鞘重、穗重、总干物重和稻谷产量,与氮钾肥用量呈显著水平的抛物线型关系。杂交水稻对氮肥较敏感,宜按最高产量目标推荐施氮量,按最佳经济收益推荐施钾量。在高产栽培条件下,每生产100 kg稻谷的适宜N、K2O用量分别是1.8 kg和1.6 kg。

Effects of nitrogen （N） and potassium （K） fertilizer application rates on the growth, development and yield of the hybrid rice in the field were observed. It was found that the tillering number, as well as the area and dry weight of the leaves increased with the increased rate of N and K fertilizer application. The fertilizer application rates exhibited a parabolic correlation with the crop growth rate, dry weight of stem and sheath, spike dry weight, total dry matter weight and grain yield. The hybrid rice was sensitive to N fertilizer. Therefore, the application rate of N is recommended for getting the highest grain yield, but K application for a balanced economic return. For every 100 kg grain in high yield cultivation, the optimum rates of application are 1.8 kg N and 1.6 kg K2O.