虚拟水理论及其在新疆的应用

Theory and Application of Virtual Water in Xinjiang

虚拟水是解决水资源短缺问题和水资源安全问题的新概念，是指生产商品和服务所需要的水资源数量；虚拟水战略是指缺水国家或地区通过贸易的方式从富水国家或地区购买水密集型产品（粮食）来获得本地水和粮食的安全。引入虚拟水的概念，介绍虚拟水战略及虚拟水的计算方法，通过计算新疆1990—2004年间农产品单位质量虚拟水含量，为干旱地区解决水资源短缺问题提供新思路，并提出了应用虚拟水战略的前景和建议。图4，表1，参19。

Virtual water is a new concept in the realm of water resources management presented in recent Years. The water used in the production process of an agricultural or industrial product is called the＂virtual water＂contained in the product, Virtual water is a new concept to solve the problem of shortage of water resources and water safety problems. It is the production of goods and services required in the water quantity. Virtual water strategy means regions whose water is scarce achieve their water security and food security by importing water-intensive products from those water is abundant, which expands the solution of water resources scarcity to the political-eco-nomic system. This paper introduces the concept of virtual water, the virtual water strategy and the virtual water method, points out the significance of virtual water＇s application in arid zone by calculating virtual water contents of main produce in Xinjiang from the year 1990 to 2004. Finally this paper ended with some stun maries and suggestions such as strengthening the virtual water research, establishing the regional policy supporting system, innovating the water management mechanisms, applying the virtual water strategy in northwest arid China.