语素“白”的结合能力分析(上)

An analysis of formative power of Chinese morpheme bai(白)

《现代汉语词典》(2005年版)收录的语素“白”15个义项,最有构词能力的是①义,其次是④义,再次是②义,最弱是义;最能产的构词方式是偏正式,其次是联合式,最弱的是重叠式;形容词词素构词义项最多,名词词素次之,再次副词词素,最弱的动词词素;语际中的“白”的语素变义是非常接近辞书所收的语素共义,但义的语素共义概括其语素变义还有很大的空间。通过分析发现,它们的语素变义比较近同于语素共义,但有的词语语素义没有概括,有的概括不全。语素“白”作为词的结合能力最强的是①义,⑤⑥最弱。

The Chinese morpheme bai（ 白） in ＂Modern Chinese Dictionary＂ has 15 semantic features, which vary in their formative power, formative modes and functional use. The semantic varieties of bai（白 ） in use are close to those included in the dictionary. However, the eleventh feature in the dictionary excludes some semantic varieties. The paper concludes that the first feature has the most formative power, bai（白） the fifth and si9xth features have the weakest.