内蒙古典型草原区土壤硬度与土壤水分的空间变化分析——以锡林浩特为例

Spatial change of soil hardness and soil moisture in typical steppe area of Inner Mongolia

近些年来,内蒙古草原及其变化已经受到有关方面的关注,通过研究调查内蒙古草原区的几个典型植被类型,共49个样地的土壤硬度与土壤水分.土壤硬度测量深度为0～20 cm,土壤水分测量深度为0～40 cm（10 cm取一个土样）,并分析了两者的空间分布规律.分析结果显示,典型草原三种植被类型的土壤硬度随其深度增加而增加,而就全部样地来说,土壤水分随其土壤深度增加没有明显的变化.土壤硬度与土壤水分的相关性不强.通过49个样地的四层硬度进行PCA分析,显示出四层硬度对测量点第一主成分的作用差不多,这样,可以求取四层硬度的平均值作为该测量点的硬度,利用Arcinfo软件形成硬度分布图,看出本研究区的土壤硬度大致可以分成3区域：北部硬度较大,中部其次,南部沙地硬度较小.

In recent year, the steppe of Inner Mongolia and its variety has been concern by the public. This paper studied the soil hardness and the soil moisture of three vegetation which were a series of degraded grassland, Achnatherum splendens saline meadow and sandland in the typical steppe area of Inner Mongolia . The soil of 0 -20cm depth were measured for their hardness . The soils of 0 - 40 cm depth （ a soil sample from a locm interval） were measured in soil moisture. It was evident that the soil hardness enhanced with the degradation of grassland, and that it increased with the soil depth for all areas. The soil moisture had no obviously variational trend , because the soil of 0 - 40 cm depth were affected by the Soil fractal features , Soil Texture and plant growth. The correlation of the soil hardness and their moisture was not very distinct. PCA analysis of the hardness were made to 4 soil layers in 49 studied areas , and ac region by using GIS. There cording as its result the average of 4 soil layers were showed on the map of investigated were three regions of the soil hardness in the map.