论冯友兰人生境界说

On the theory of life state by Feng You--lan

冯友兰先生以人们对宇宙人生的觉解程度将人生境界从低到高划分为四种：“自然境界”“功利境界”、“道德境界”和“天地境界”。为获得人生最丰富的意义和价值而对宇宙人生的全面了解、追求高层次的人生境界的倡导，突出理性、强调道德行为的自觉原则，强调公利、维护社会利益和民族利益等观点都是值得肯定的；存在的主要偏颇是将“功利境界”与“道德境界”对立起来，在义利之辩上表现出抽象的道义论性质。

According to people＇s degree of rational consciousness in universe life, Mr Feng You-lan divided life state into four kinds, namely,＂natural state, utility state, moral state and world state＂. Its positive way lies in complete acquirement of universe life to know the rich value of life, search for higher life state. It emphasizes the ration and the self--conscious principle of moral behavior. It also emphasizes public benefits, social benefits and national benefits. This theory＇s disadvantage lies in conflicts of utility state and moral utility in debate between virtue and utility.