西南岩溶区发展忍冬的潜力

Productive potentiality of Lonicera japonica thunb. in Southwest China karst region

忍冬俗称金银花，是一种药用植物。发展忍冬既可恢复生态，又能增加收益。通过总结已有文献并分析，认为金银花的主要标识特征包括木犀草苷、绿原酸、元素和土壤中量微量元素与水热条件。通过对比，川西北、横断山和昆明以北岩溶区年日照时数超过2000h，年降雨量不足1000mm，贵州、云南和川南北纬25。以北岩溶区年均气温10～16℃，与道地金银花产地的气候条件一致；黑色石灰土与贵州的红色石灰土钙、镁、铜、锌含量、盐基饱和度高，基本符合道地金银花的土壤条件，但质地偏粘，需进行改良。比较而言，在西南岩溶区的云南、四川部分黑色石灰土分布区最适宜发展忍冬。在此基础上，提出了加强金银花中木犀草苷、重金属元素测量和影响金银花品质的环境因子的实验研究等建议。

Lonicera japonica, conventionally called Flos lonicerae japonicae, is a medicinal plant. Developing Lonicera japonica thunb, can restore ecological environment, and also raise people＇s earnings in Southwest China karst region. By summarizing and analyzing published references, some primary indicators of traditional-recognized Flos lonicerae japonicae are luteoloside, chlorogenic acid, and elements in flower, soil properties and weather conditions. By comparing those indicators with each other, it is proved that some places have the same natural conditions to some extent with the original place of genuine Lonicera japonica. For example, sunlight are more than 2 000 hours, and annual precipitation is less than 1 000 mm in southern Sichuan karst areas, Mountain Hengduan and northern Kunming city, and the average annual temperature is between 10-16℃ in northern karst region of NW25° in Guizhou, Yunnan and southern Sichuan provinces, which are consistent with those from traditional planting area of Flos lonicerae japonicae. Terra rossa in Guizhou province and rendzina have high contents of caicium, magnesium, copper and zinc etc, in agreement with those in soil of Flos lonicerae japonicae from traditional planting area, but need to be ameliorated due to sticky quality. In contrast, some rendzina zones in Yunnan and Sichuan are fittest for Lonicera japonica thunb, in Southwest China karst region. Some proposals are put forward about the determination of luteoloside and heavy metals in Flos lonicerae japonicae and experimental studies on the environmental factors impacting Flos lonicerae japonicae quality.