新型化学杀雄剂EN对甘蓝型油菜的杀雄效果及其应用研究

Effect and utility of a novel chemical hybridizing agent EN on Brassica napus

针对油菜细胞质不育系微粉及配制化学杀雄杂种问题,用新型化学杀雄剂EN对甘蓝型油菜进行杀雄效果试验,研究EN对甘蓝型油菜花器、花粉活力、农艺性状及不育系育性的影响。结果表明,甘蓝型油菜单核期用0．5～0．8μg／mL EN处理杀雄效果最好,全不育株率在95％以上,不育株率100％,对油菜生长发育和农艺性状的影响很小。油菜花药皱缩干秕呈针状、颜色变浅、花丝缩短,花药无花粉或为空秕、畸形的败育花粉。用EN控制细胞质不育系微粉效果明显,使F1代种子纯度提高8％以上。说明该杀雄剂效果好、成本低,是较为理想的新型油菜化学杀雄剂。

Focused on trace pouen and screcning hybridization afent （cHA） in rapeseed,a novel chemical hybridizing agent EN was used to induce male sterile in rapeseed （ Brassica napus ） to investigate its effect on flora parts, viability of pollen, agronomic traits and the male fertility of cytoplasmic male sterile line. Results showed that the treatment of 0.5-0.8μg/mL EN at uninucleic stage of Brassica napus had the best efficacy with over 95% completely sterile and 100% sterile plants, but had little effect on the fertility and the agrinomic traits of B. napus. The anther was shriveled, dwindled to be acerate shape and fade, and the length of filament was shortened. There was no pollen or only shrunken,malformed and aborted pollen. The application of EN could obviously suppress the occurrences of trace amount pollens on the cytoplasmic male sterile line, which made the purity of F1 hybrid seed increase 8% in comparison with the contrast. EN is a better chemical to induce male steriliyt agent with the advantage of high effect and low cost.