土壤水分基础理论及其应用研究进展

Review of the research on the basic theoretics and its application of soil water

从土壤水分基本理论和应用研究等方面回顾土壤水研究的进展及取得的成就:从最初的形态学观点到现在的能量观点;从简单研究逐步发展为一门学科,再到多学科交叉;研究方法日趋理论化同时注重与实践相结合;研究手段的多样化;研究领域的扩展等。着重从坡面、小流域和区域尺度总结了土壤水分异质性的研究现状,并归纳了环境因子对土壤水分异质性的主要影响途径。用发展的观点重新认识“土壤水库”的概念和实际作用。最后对该领域研究价值和未来发展作出评价与展望。

Soil water is of great significance in the formation, transformation and consumption of the water resources and has close relationship to agriculture, hydrology and environment, so that the soil water research has been drawn more and more attention and made great progress. In this paper, the progress and achievements in soil water research were reviewed, and the development of basic theory, heterogeneity and its application in this field were discussed. The concept of soil water has been developed from the view of original morphology to the present view of energy. Many new technologies have been introduced into the research of soil water, and the study methods focus on practical application. The research field of soil water has been expanded much. Status of research on soil moisture variability from different scales including slope, catchment and region also was reviewed and three main approaches to the effect of environmental factors on soil moisture are summed up. A new recognition of ＂soil water reservoir＂ is put forward and the value of research in this area is evaluated and the further research is looked ahead.