3707例急诊收住院患者的疾病分类特点

Classification Characteristics of Diseases of 3707 Inpatients by Emergency

目的了解延边大学附属医院急诊收住院患者的疾病分类特点,为医疗工作提供依据。方法采用回顾性调查方法,对医院急诊住院患者的性别、年龄、民族、收住时间、急诊诊断或主诉等项目进行统计分析。结果全年急诊收住患者3707人次,占全部急诊病人的3.89%,占全年总住院人数的18.98%;收住患者中男女性别构成差异有显著性,朝汉民族构成差异无显著性;平均年龄38.77±17.53岁,以≤10岁、21～30岁、41～50岁三个年龄组段最多;全天收住时间以4:00～6:00最少,9:00～11:00出现高峰。系统或大类疾病中,以损伤和中毒为最多,其次为消化系统疾病,神经系统疾病占第3位;前5位的疾病谱为肢体或身体未特指部位损伤、急性化脓性坏疽性阑尾炎、脑出血、颅脑损伤、脑梗死。结论以疾病大类作为参考,结合实际,确立各科室的学科建设发展方向,既要不断提高专科常见病、多发病的诊治水平,又要调整、明确主攻方向,不断创新,做到科有特色、人有专长;加强对少数民族地区的健康宣教和医疗保健工作,提高医疗质量;根据急诊病人的就诊高峰时间,科学合理安排急诊及病区工作。

Object Get classification characteristics information of diseases of inpatients by emergency to provide evidence for medical work. Methods Used retrospective survey method, analyzed inpatients＇sex, age, nation, admission time, emergency diagnosis, complains, and other items. Results 3707 inpatients by emergency were surveyed all the year, which was 3.89% of the total emergency patients, and was 18.98% of the total inpatients. There is significant different in sexual construction, and there is not significant different in national construction. Mean age is 38.77 17.53 years old, and the maximum age groups axe ≤ 10, 21 -30 and 41 -50. Admission time in all day long is minimum in 4：00 -6：00 and maximum in 9：00 - 11：00. In the system or main category diseases, the injury and poison diseases axe the most, digestive system diseases axe the second, nervous system diseases axe the third, and the front five diseases in spectrum of diseases are undefined position injury, acute suppurative and gangrenous appendicitis, brain hemorrhage, craniocerebral injury, cerebral infarction. Conclusion Combined main category diseases together with practice, subject＇s construction and development direction of departments is established. Health education and medical work in minority ethnic group district must be strengthened and medical quality must be improved. Emergency and work in endemic area must be reasonable arranged according to peak admission time.