红白血病——骨髓增生异常综合征的一种亚型?

Erythroleukemia——A Subtype of Myelodysplastic Syndrome?

为了研究红白血病是否为急性髓细胞白血病一个独立亚型,从临床实验及病程进展方面对21例红白血病患者进行了分析。结果显示,诊断时患者合并白细胞减少、贫血和血小板减少者分别为42.9%、81%、81%。外周血分类显示85.7%患者有幼稚粒细胞和幼稚单核细胞,52.4%患者有幼稚红细胞和有核红细胞;骨髓涂片显示骨髓增生活跃或明显活跃;红系细胞占58.3±8.0%,原始粒细胞占NEC58.0±18.4%;66.7%患者有病态造血,与典型AML不同。在病程中52.4%患者发生疾病转型,转为RAEB/RAEB-T和AML-M2,19例在确诊M6后接受化疗,11例有效(57.9%),其中CR10例、PR1例,CR中位维持6个月、PR2个月,但CR患者绝大多数伴有骨髓病态造血,外周血细胞减少。中数生存期在初诊M6和MDS转化为M6组分别为13.0±13.3和2.3±1.3月。结论:临床诊断急性红白血病与典型AML有许多差异,可能大部分是以红系过度增生为表现的MDSRAEB和RAEB-T型。

In order to study whether erythroleukemia was really a subtype of acute leukemia, the clinical laboratory characteristics and development of disease in 21 cases of erythroleukemia were analyzed. The results indicated that the percentage of patients with leucocytopenia, anemia and thrombocytopenia were 42.9%, 81% and 81% respectively at the time of diagnosis. These were 85.7% of patients with myelocytes and premonocyte, 52.4% of patients with erythroblast in their blood smear respectively. All of the bone marrow showed active or significantly active proliferation. The median percentage of erythro-lineage, myeloblast of NEC and displasia were （58.3 ± 8.0）%, （58.0 ± 18.4）% and 66.7% respectively, that is different from typical AML. 52.4% of M6 patients transferred to RAEB/RAEB-T and AML-M2 subtype in the disease progression. 11/19 cases （57. 4% ） achieved remission （CR 10; PR 1 ） after chemotherapy. The median remission length were 6 months for CR patients and 2 months for PR patients, but most of CR patients displayed obvious displasia of bone marrow and cytopenia of blood in the period of CR. The median survival length of M6 and MDS→M6 from time of diagnosis were 13.0 ±13.2 and 2.3 ± 1.3 months respectively. It is concluded that there are differences between M6 and typical AML. Most of M6 patients would rather be classified MDS RAEB and RAEB-t with over-hyperplasia of erythron lineage than a subtype of AML