影响中国检察制度形成的主要因素

On Main Factors Influencing the Formation of the Chinese Procuratorial System

中国检察制度是中国社会发展过程中的必然选择。作为社会的上层建筑和司法制度的重要组成部分,中国检察制度的形成和发展受到多重因素的影响。列宁的法律监督理论和前苏联的检察制度是引导中国检察机关被定位为国家法律监督机关的决定性因素;西方检察制度,特别是大陆法系的检察制度,是确定中国检察制度司法功能的基本参考依据;中国传统法制文化以及历史上的司法制度是影响中国当代检察机关领导体制和管理模式形成的主要因素。

It is the natural choice for China to choose the Chinese procuratorial system during the process of the development of the society in China. As an important part of the social superstructure and the judicial systems, the formation and development of Chinese procuratorial system have been influenced by various factors. Firstly, the Lenin＇ s theory of legal supervision and the procuratorial system of the former Soviet Union are the decisive factors for regarding the Chinese procuratorial System as an organ of state legal supervision. Secondly, the western procuratorial systems, especially the procuratorial systems in Roman law system provide the main basis for constructing the Chinese procuratorial system. Thirdly, the traditional culture in China and the legal system in history are the major factors which influence the system of leadership and the modes of administration of the modern procuratorial organs in China.