海洛因依赖者支气管哮喘的临床特点及防治

Clinical features of bronchial asthma and its prevention and treatment of the heroine addicts

目的:探讨海洛因依赖者支气管哮喘临床特点,为防治和治疗提供科学根据。方法:2004年1月至2005年1月1 752例海洛因依赖者中伴发哮喘40例与随机抽取同期戒毒的100例患者进行回顾性分析与对照。结果:研究组病例的日滥用量、吸毒方式、吸毒年限与对照组病例相比均呈显著差异(P<0.01)。研究组中:轻度发作24例(60%);中度发作12例(30%);重度发作3例(7.5%);危重度1例(2.5%),哮喘多出现在脱毒中期;在有效脱毒的基础上,抗炎平喘,结合心理治疗与干预,轻度发作者多在4小时内缓解,中度发作者多在48小时内缓解,重度及危重度发作者多在3-5天内缓解。结论:长期大剂量烫吸海洛因是支气管哮喘发作的危险因素。应完善相关检查、及时发现,积极有效抗炎平喘,制定合理治疗方案,注意心理因素的影响。更重要的是,对海洛因依赖者进行教育,使他们了解哮喘知识、戒除毒品,才能从根本上预防和治疗此类并发症。

Objective：To elucidate the clinical features of bronchial asthma of the heroine addicts, in order to pave a way for its prevention and treatment. Methods. A retrospective and contrast analysis of 40 cases of bronchial asthma of 1752 heroine addices from Jan, 2004 to Jan, 2005 and 100 cases of drug rehahilitation at the synchronization.Results：In the study groups,the everyday dose of abusage,the way and the time of drug taking,were significantly different from the control （P 〈0.01）.The cases of light,middle,heavy and very heavy asthmatic attack were 24（60%）,12（30%）,3（7.5%）and 1（2.5%）,most in the middle stage of drug rehabilitation. All eases underwent anti - inflamed and anti - asthmatic therapy on the basis of detoxification, combine psychotherapy and intervention. Cases with light seizures relieved within 4 hours, medium seizures relieved within 48 hours, serious and very serious ones relieved within three day to five day. Conclusion：Long- term, generous heroine taking is a dangerous factor of bronchial asthma attack. We should consummate associated examinations and discover it early, make a resonable plan to give active, valid dephlogisticate and anti - asthma, pay attention to the psychosomatic factor. And what＇s more important, is to educate the heroine addicts to know the knowledge of bronchial asthma and stop heroine. Thus, We can prevent and treat these complication essentially.