福建省不同人群中戊型肝炎病毒感染的血清流行病学调查分析

Seroepidemiological investigation and analysis of hepatitis evirus infection among various groups of population in Fujian province

目的了解福建省不同人群中戊型肝炎病毒的感染情况。方法收集普通人群血清2209份,职业危险人群血清1722份,应用双抗原夹心ELISA法检测抗HEV抗体。普通人群由健康体检人员和健康献血者组成,职业危险人群由养鸡场或养猪场的饲养员、屠宰工、兽医、厨师或从事鸡鸭批发者组成,使用SPSS软件比较不同人群的感染率。结果普通人群HEV的阳性率为23.3%,职业危险人群HEV阳性率为33.3%(χ2=48.51,P<0.001)。在职业危险人群中与鸡密切接触者HEV的阳性率显著高于与猪密切接触者。HEV阳性率有随年龄的增长而上升的趋势,在普通人群中男、女性HEV阳性率无显著性差异(P>0.05)。在职业危险人群中男性HEV阳性率显著高于女性。结论普通人群HEV的感染率较高,提示HEV亚临床感染的存在。与猪、鸡密切接触者HEV阳性率高于普通人群,这些数据进一步证明了HEV可能是一种人兽共患病的假设。

The sero-prevalence of Hepatitis E virus （HEV） infection among various groups of population in Fujian province was investigated in which the general populations composed of healthy blood donors and individuals who were underwent physical examinations, and the occupational-risk population included farmers, handles, veterinarians, cookers who worked with pigs or chickens and the poultry wholesale suppliers. A total collection of 2209 serum specimens from general population and 1722 serum specimens from occupation-risk population was made to detect the anti-HEV antibodies by means of double antigen sandwiteh ELISA assay. The SPSS software was used to compare the prevalence of anti-HEV antibodies among these groups of population, It was found that the rates of prevalence of HEV in general and occupational-risk population were 23.3% and 33. 3% respectively. A significantly higher prevalence rate for anti-HEV antibodies was found in the occupational-risk group of population in comparison with that in the general population. The positives rate for anti-HEV antibodies was significantly higher in group of population worked with chickens than those worked with pigs . Also, the increasing trend of HEV prevalence with age could be demonstrated. However, there was no significant difference on HEV prevalence between sex in general population, but the HEV prevalence was rather higher in occupational-risk population of males than that of females. It is concluded that the higher infection rate with HEV in general population suggests the existence of sub-clinical infection for HEV, and the higher infection rate with HEV among those contacting with chickens or pigs supports the hypothesis that HFV infection may be a zoometric disease.