颈外静脉与四肢静脉留置针在抢救危重病人中的效果比较

A Comparison of Indwelling Transfusion Effect between via External Jugular Vein and via Limbs’Peripheral Vein for Critical Patients

目的在抢救危重病人时为快速建立静脉输液通道,比较颈外静脉与四肢浅静脉留置针输液效果。方法203例危重病人,103例应用颈外静脉留置针穿刺术,100例应用四肢浅静脉留置针穿刺术,然后比较两者的穿刺所需时间、一次穿刺成功率、液体通畅良好度、液体最大流速、收缩压升高到80mmHg所需的平均时间、导管脱出、液体渗漏、置管保留时间及静脉炎发生率。结果颈外静脉组明显优于四肢浅静脉组,P<0.01。结论颈外静脉穿刺具有穿刺所需时间短、一次穿刺成功率高、液体通畅良好、液体流速快、收缩压回升到80mmHg所需的平均时间短、导管不易脱出、液体不易渗漏、置管保留时间长及静脉炎发生率低等优点。能为危重病人的抢救赢得时间。

Objective To make a comparison of indwelling transfusion effect between via external jugular vein and via limbs＇ peripheral vein for critical patients via, and seek for a better way to creating the venous pass. Methods A total of 203 patients were divided into two groups at random. Group A （ n = 103 ） was infused with indwelled needle in external jugular vein, and Group B （ n = 100） was infused with indwelled needle in limbs＇ peripheral vein. Many indexes were observed and compared between the two groups, such as time of puncture course, achievement ratio for the first time, transfusion state, maximal fluid flow speed, time to reach a systolic pressure of 80 mmHg, occurrence of occlusion, disengagement and oozing of tuber, retaining time and occurrence of phlebitis. Results There was a significant difference between the two groups （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Infusing with indwelled needle was much better via external jugular vein than via limbs＇ peripheral vein. Conclusion The external jugular vein trocar can provide a prompt and effective pass, with high achievement ratio, shorter time for patients＇ systolic pressure to reach 80mmHg, less occlusion and disengagement of tuber, less ooze, longer retaining time and lower occurrence of phlebitis. It can save time to rescue critical patients.