圆囊苔草叶片的形态解剖学研究

Studies on the morphology and anatomy of leaves of Carex orbicularis

利用光学显微镜研究了圆囊苔草叶的形态结构。圆囊苔草叶基生,由叶鞘和叶片两部分组成,叶片扁平带状,平行脉序;上下表皮细胞垂周壁均呈不同程度的波浪状,外壁均有较薄的角质层和硅化乳突;正对主脉的上表皮有泡状细胞;上下表皮均有气孔器分布,并且上表皮气孔密度大于下表皮。等面叶,栅栏组织发达,叶肉细胞中有2种类型的异化细胞,相邻维管束之间有发达的气腔;叶脉稠密、维管束鞘2层,外层为较大薄壁细胞,内层为较小的厚壁细胞。由纤维组成的机械组织,成片存在于绝大多数叶脉的上下方。

The morphological structure of leaves of Carex orbicularis were studied using light microscopy. The leaves were consisted of leaf sheath and laminae. The laminae were flat and strip shaped with parallel venation. The cells of both surfaces had sinuate anticlinal walls, the outer tangential wall had a thinner cuticle and siliceous papillae, bulliform cells were situated in the median adaxial grooves of the upper epidermis. The stomata were present on both leaf surfaces but were denser on the upper epidermis. The leaf was isobilateral, the palisade tissue was well developed and mesophyll tissue had two types of idioblast. Air-cavities were situated along the borders of the vascular tissues. The leaf veins were dense and sheath bundles had two layers, an outer, larger parenchyma and an inner, smaller sclerenchyma. The mechanical tissues were mainly composed of fibre, flakily situated in the tops and bottoms of most veins.