一例亚急性放射病患者的生物剂量估算及细胞遗传学随访观察

Biological dose estimation and cytogenetic follow-up observation for a patient with subacute radiation sickness

目的对一起^192Ir源辐射事故致亚急性放射病患者进行细胞遗传学动态观察，并估算受照剂量。方法对患者照后2d、1．5年和2．5年的外周血样本进行常规染色体畸变（CA）分析和微核（MN）检测，根据双＋环（d＋r）畸变频率，用G函数方法估算累积受照剂量。结果剂量估算结果与用物理方法估算的剂量接近，与临床表现基本相符；照后1．5年和2．5年，双着丝粒体（dic）明显减少，无着丝粒断片（ace）和MN减少不明显。结论用G函数方法估算迁延性受照者的累积受照剂量基本可反映实际辐射损伤程度；亚急性放射病患者CA和MN的衰减速度可能较急性放射病缓慢。

Objective To conduct the biological dose estimation and cytogenetic observation for the patient with subacute radiation sickness in a ^192Ir source radiation accident. Methods Conventional chromosome aberration analysis and micronucleus assay in peripheral blood lymphocytes were performed, and the accumulated dose was estimated by G function according to the frequencies of dicentric and ring on the patient. Results The estimated doses were close to those values estimated by physical method, in accordance with the appearance expression of clinical symptoms. At 1.5 and 2.5 years after the accident, clear decrease were observed in dicentric chromosomes but not in acentric fragments and micronuclei. Conclusions The estimation of accumulated dose by G function can reflect the real degree of radiation damage. The decreased rate of chromosome aberration and micronucleus in the patient with subacute radiation sickness might be slower than those with acute radiation sickness.