慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉内镜鼻窦手术前后症状与生存质量的评估

Postoperative symptoms and life quality assessment of chronic rhinosinusitis patients received endoscopic sinus surgery

目的探讨内镜鼻窦手术治疗对慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉患者症状与生存质量(quality oflife,QOL)的有效作用及其转变规律。方法通过视觉模拟量表(visual analog scale,VAS)、医学结局研究简表36项健康调查(medical outcome study short-form 36-items health survey,MOS SF-36,简称 SF-36)和鼻腔鼻窦结局测量20条(sino-nasal outcome test-20,SNOT-20)等症状与 QOL 量表,对120例慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉患者术前、术后3个月和术后6个月进行前瞻性随访调查与评估,并与200名健康体检者的 QOL 状况进行对比。结果经内镜鼻窦手术治疗,患者术后3个月 VAS 量表的单个症状总分与总体症状、SF-36量表的生理角色与总体健康等部分维度以及 SNOT-20量表的20个条目总分与5大条目总分等指标均开始出现明显好转(P<0.05),术后3～6个月上述指标则无显著提高(P>0.05),术后6个月症状与 QOL 状态较术前均全面改善。SF-36量表显示慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉患者与健康体检者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但 VAS 量表提示患者嗅觉减退和异常鼻漏等症状依然存在。SNOT-20量表提示慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉患者睡眠障碍和异常鼻漏等重要问题仍未解决,与健康体检者相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉患者内镜鼻窦手术治疗后6个月症状总体上得到解决,生存质量基本恢复常态,但嗅觉减退、异常鼻漏和睡眠障碍等重要问题仍明显存在,有待进一步解决。

Objective To implore the positive effects of endoscopic sinus surgery on the symptoms and quality of life （QOL） of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis （CRS） and their changing regularity of symptoms and QOL. Methods A prospective, randomized and controlled trial was conducted to survey symptoms and QOL status of 120 CRS patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery, in contrast to that of 200 healthy individuals passing health examination, at the baseline and at 3- and 6-months postoperatively by visual analog score （VAS） symptom instrument and QOL instruments including medical outcome study short-form 36-items health survey （SF-36） and sino-nasal outcome test-20 （SNOT-20）. Results In the 3 months follow-up settings, total of individual symptom severity scores and global symptom severity scores of VAS, such domains as role physical and general health of SF-36 and total of the 20 items scores and the most important 5-item scores of SNOT-20 all began to get better markedly （ P 〈0. 05） ; in the 3 -6 months follow-up settings, the indices above stayed fixed （P 〉 0. 05 ） ; and in the 6-months follow-up settings, indices of symptoms and QOL status entirely improved from the baseline, with SF-36 showing no scoring difference between CRS patients and healthy individuals, whereas VAS showed that abnormal nasal drainage and decreased sense of smell were still left and SNOT-20 showed that abnormal nasal drainage and lack of good sleep left, inferior to that of healthy objects significantly （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusions On the whole CRS patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery recover symptomatically and come back to normal level of QOL status at the 6 months postoperatively, but such significant problems as abnormal nasal drainage, decreased sense of smell and lack of good sleep still remain and need to be treated.