论国家元首的豁免权

On the Immunity Right of the State Head

国家元首的豁免权是一个在实践上和理论上都有争议的问题,本文以国家元首豁免权的国际法原则为中心议题,从历史起源、理论依据、学说、国际公约、国际法院个案评析、美国和英国的立法和司法实践综述了国家元首豁免权的理论问题和实践问题,最后得出结论:限制国家元首豁免权(特别是刑事豁免权)的国际法原则尚未形成,任意剥夺国家元首的豁免权将使国家的主权岌岌可危。

The Immunity Right of the State Head is a controversial issue in both practice and theory. This paper, focusing on the international law principle of immunity right, explains theory issues and practice issues comprehensively from history origin, theoretical foundation, doctrine, international convention, judgment of the International Court of Justice and practice of U.S and U.K, and draws a conclusion： international law principe which limits the immunity of the state head （particularly right of criminal immunity） has not been established yet; depriving of the immunity right of the state head arbitrarily will damage the sovereignty of state.