基于约瑟夫森器件的超导量子比特

SUPERCONDUCTING QUANTUM BITS BASED ON JOSEPHSON DEVICES

超导量子比特利用了超导约瑟夫森隧道结的非线性效应,采用了半导体集成电路的工艺,以其无能耗,大设计加工自由度,易规模化等优点而倍受注目。本文对超导量子比特的基本原理及发展过程作了简要综述。首先简要回顾了量子计算的历史,然后介绍了超导量子比特的设计及其调控,并对各种超导量子比特的消相干进行了讨论。

Superconducting quantum bits （qubits）, based on the non-linear effect of superconducting Josephson junctions and the semiconductor integrate technique, are promising for quantum computing due to their low dissipation, large design-fabrication freedom, and relatively ease of scaling up. In this paper, we gave a brief review of the basic principles of superconducting qubits and their progress. The qubits design, qubits manipulating, and the decoherence of various kinds of superconducting qubits were discussed.