新型葡萄糖酰胺表面活性剂的合成

Synthesis of new glucosamide surfactant

以硬脂酸和过量的二乙烯三胺(物质的量比为1:0.53)为原料合成了酰胺基烷基咪唑啉,重结晶后得纯品的产率为92.1%,并通过硼氢化钠对所得到的咪唑啉进行定向还原开环反应得到中间体胺化合物,产率为86.9%,开环产物继续与D-(+)葡萄糖酸-δ-内酯反应合成了一种新型的包含糖基部分和双疏水长链的糖基多酰胺表面活性剂,产率为80.2%。利用红外光谱(IR)及电喷雾质谱(ESI-MS)等物理方法对中间体及产物的结构进行表征。经该表面活性剂整理后的纯棉织物的悬垂系数为54.25%,而未整理织物的悬垂系数为62.25%。

Amido alkyl imidazoline was synthesized by the reaction of stearic acid and excess diethylene triamine （mol ratiol ： 0.53） in 92.1% yield of pure product after recrystallization. The imidazoline obtained was followed by a directional reductive ring-opening reaction with sodium borohydride to yield the intermediate amine compound in 86.9% yield, and then the ring-opening product was reacted with D-（ ＋ ）-glucono-δ- lactone, thus a novel polyamide surfactant with a sugar moiety and double hydrophobic long chains was obtained in 80.2 % yield. The structure of products and intermediates were characterized with IR Spectroscopy and ESI-MS. The procedure of this method is simple, efficient and easy to control. The drapability coefficiency of cotton fabric finished by this surfactant was 54.25 %, while that of the unfinished fabric was 62.25 %.