乳化炸药圆筒试验研究

Study on Cylinder Test for Emulsion Explosives

对乳化炸药进行了25.4mm的圆筒试验,测试了圆筒在乳化炸药爆轰产物驱动下的膨胀过程R(t)关系。在圆筒的初始膨胀阶段(t<15μs),圆筒筒壁膨胀较为缓慢,此后筒壁膨胀半径与时间几乎呈直线增长关系。随着膨胀半径的增大,圆筒壁膨胀速度有着显著的变化,在5～10mm内,筒壁膨胀速度从0.77mm/μs迅速增大至0.84mm/μs,而后增速明显变缓。24mm以后,膨胀速度几乎不再增大。在开始阶段,随着膨胀半径的增大,筒壁的膨胀加速度急剧下降,乳化炸药爆炸能量的释放速度或传递速度急剧下降。此后筒壁加速度下降的趋势变缓,直到零。筒壁的比动能、炸药的能量利用率随膨胀半径及膨胀时间的变化趋势与速度随膨胀半径及膨胀时间的变化趋势基本一致,各变化阶段与速度的变化阶段完全相同。炸药能量利用率在膨胀半径为19mm时维持在约51%的最高值,剩余的49%的能量主要消耗在爆轰产物的动能和位能上。

Cylinder test for emulsion explosive,with inner diameter of Ф25.4 ram,was carried out so as to measure the R（t） relationship of cylinder expansion process driven by detonation products. At first cylinder wall expanded slowly with the time （t〈15μs） ,and then the expansion radius of cylinder wall increased linearly with the time. The velocity of cylinder wall changed significantly with the increase in expansion radius. The expansion velocity of cylinder wall increased rapidly from 0.77mm/μs to 0. 84mm/μs,and then slowed markedly within the range of 5mm-10mm. The expansion velocity hardly increased behind the 24ram of cylinder. Initially,the expansion acceleration of cylinder and the release or transmission velocity of energy from emulsion explosive decreased dramatically with the increase in expansion radius,and then the acceleration of cylinder decreased slowly to zero. The change tendencies to specific kinetic energy of cylinder and energy utilization ratio with the expansion radius and time were in almost agreement with those to the velocity change. Every change stage was the same as velocity change. The explosive energy utilization ratio sustained the maximum of about 51% at the expansion radius of 19mm. The retaining energy （49%） were mainly consumed by kinetic energy and potential energy of detonation products.