木质纤维素稀酸水解糖液乙醇发酵研究进展

Development of Ethanol Production from Lignocellulosic Hydrolysates

以木质纤维素为原料生产燃料乙醇,首先要对原料进行预处理得到可发酵糖,在稀酸水解木质纤维素得到的糖液中,除含有葡萄糖、木糖等六碳糖和五碳糖外,根据水解温度、酸浓度和时间的不同,还含有不同浓度的发酵抑制剂。因此,在研究木质纤维素稀酸水解糖液的乙醇发酵中,对代谢木糖成乙醇的菌种的研究、对耐/代谢发酵抑制剂微生物的研究、对稀酸水解糖液的脱毒方法的研究以及对稀酸水解糖液不同发酵方式的乙醇发酵研究等非常重要。重点介绍了以上几个方面近几年研究的进展。

Ethanol can be produced from lignocellulose by first hydrolysing the material to sugars, including hexose, and pentose, and then fermenting the hydrolysate to ethanol. Hydrolysis using dilute-acid has advantages over other methods. However, compounds which inhibit fermentation are generated during this kind of hydrolysis. Therefore, it is important to focus on microorganisms metabolizing xylose and tolerating/decomposing inhibitors, on detoxification methods of hydroly- sates with low-cost and facilitated to scale-up, and different fermentation modes in ethanol production from hydrolysate. This review summarized the advance in above aspects.