在线经营主体身份认证——论我国在线交易安全解决方案

Authentication and Disclosure of Online Business Entities——The foundation of online transaction security

电子商务成为当今社会主宰的商务形式,而电子运营环境的特殊性,使得电子商务的安全问题成为威胁电子商务的首要问题。而电子商务安全首要问题是交易主体的识别问题,即如何确认交易主体是否真实存在,对应于现实中的哪个特定的主体问题。将在线经营主体分为两类,一类是经工商登记的商事主体;一类是未经工商登记的从事在线商事活动的个人,进而讨论这两类经营者的身份认证问题。对于取得工商登记的在线经营者,以我国三个地方的实践为基础,提出可以通过工商登记信息电子化(数字化)实现在线验证,是可行的解决方案;而对于未经工商登记的个人,则采纳形式上匿名体制——即以身份验证为条件的注册,但允许匿名从事在线交易行为——以确保未经登记的个体商户人身份真实性。这种体制充分平衡了在线交易安全和个人商户的隐私利益,是一种可行的选择。

E-commerce is becoming main business models nowadays. The security is the most key issues that challenge e-commerce. The security issues come down to entity identification,namely whether the entity exists, who it is in reality. In this paper, online trading entity is divided into two categories： one is business entity that has registered in Bureau of Industry and Commerce; the other is individual entity that has not registered in the Bureau of Industry and Commerce. , Certification of these two kinds of entity is discussed in this paper. For the entity registered as business registration database in the Bureau; for entity not without business registration, the best resolution is apparent anonymity, namely individual is allowed registered as online entity base on their identity authentication and then do business under user＇s name（virtual entity） so that we can verify the identify of virtual entity. It is feasible for it is and arrangement that balance the security of e-commerce and privacy protection of individual business.