脑卒中患者家庭主要照顾者的照顾压力及护理方案

A study on the caring pressure of the main caregivers of stroke patients and the corresponding nursing strategies

目的:研究脑卒中患者家庭主要照顾者的照顾压力现状及其对照顾者健康状况的影响等,探讨减轻照顾者压力的护理方案。方法:2004年12月至2005年10月选择福州市3所省级综合性“三甲”医院、2所市级综合性“二甲”医院住院的脑卒中患者的家庭主要照顾者进行研究。采用自制问卷、照顾者压力量表(CSI)中文版、医院用焦虑抑郁量表(HAD)收集相关资料。结果:有照顾压力者(CSI总分≥7分)100人,占总人数的63.7%。HAD量表显示30.8%的照顾者肯定有焦虑,25.6%的照顾者肯定有抑郁。结论:照顾者身体、社交的压力最大,其次是工作、经济压力,而心理压力相对小些。照顾压力使照顾者产生焦虑、抑郁症状,使照顾者自我感觉身体健康状况变差。护理人员可以通过评估照顾者的压力和需求,给予相应的护理干预,减轻照顾者的压力。

Objectives： To find out the caring pressure of the main caregivers of stroke patients and its influence on the caregivers’ health status. To explore the nursing strategies to relieve the pressure of caregivers. Methods： The main caregivers of stroke patients in 5 hospitals in Fuzhou city were investigated between December 2004 and October 2005. A self-designed questionnaire,Caregiver Strain Index （CSI）, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression （HAD） scale were used. Results： There were 100 caregivers who gained 7 scores or more by CSI, being 63.7%. There were 30.8% of caregivers who had anxiety and 25.6% of caregivers who had depression by HAD. Conclusion： Physical and Social strains are the most important pressure of caregivers, followed by work strain and financial strain. The psychological strain of caregivers was relatively lower.Caring pressure makes the caregivers have anxiety and depression symptoms,and makes their health self-evaluation worse. Corresponding nursing interventionsshould be given to relieve the pressur of caregivers of stroke patients.