不同基因型小麦新品系主要性状稳定性分析

Stability Analysis on Main Traits of Different New Wheat Lines

利用AMMI模型对5个绵阳小麦新品系的生育期、株高、单位面积有效穗数、穗粒数、成穗率、千粒重和产量等7个主要性状在四川不同试点的表现及其品种稳定性与适应性进行了研究,以期评选出综合性状优良、丰产性和适应性好的优良小麦新品系。结果表明,小麦生育期、株高、穗粒数、千粒重等性状的基因型效应>环境效应>基因型×环境互作效应;对于产量性状则表现为环境>基因型×环境>基因型,所占百分比分别为81.9%、12.3%和5.8%;各基因型在7个试点中产量最高的是MY1227-185(6093kg/hm2)和ML2652(6082kg/hm2),极显著高于对照川麦107(5202kg/hm2);品种稳定性最高(Di≤0.42)的是ML2652、ML1131-95和MY1227-185,其次是ML1403-84(Di=0.45)和MY68942(Di=0.75),稳定性均优于对照(Di=0.85)。综合考虑各性状表现、稳定性和产量等因素,MY1227-185和ML2652丰产性和品种稳定性最优,可大面积推广以提高四川冬麦区产量及其稳定性。

Investigation on stability of wheat main traits, including period of duration, plant height, number of ears per hectare, grains per ear, percentage of ears, 1000-grains weight and yield of five new Mianyangwheat lines were carried out by using additive main effects and muhiplicative interaction （AMMI） model in different sites of Sichuan province. Objective of this study was to choose the optimum new wheat lines for Sichuan province. The results showed that effects of genotype on period of duration, plant height, grains per ear and 1000-grains weight were greater than that of environment and genotype by environment interaction （GxE）, but the effects of environment on yield was greater than that of GxE and genotype, which percentage were 81.9%, 12.3% and 5.8%, respectively. The highest yield among genotypes at seven sites were MY1227- 185 （6093 kg/hm^2）and ML2652 （6082 kg/hm^2）, while the lowest yield was Chuanmail07 （5202 kg/hm^2）, which were significant at 1% level. The best stability were （Di≤0.42） ML2652, ML1131-95 and MY1227- 185, which higher than ML1403-84 （Di=0.45）, MY68942 （Di=0.75） and Chuanmai-107 （Di=0.85）. In consideration of main traits, stability and yield in five new wheat lines, MY1227-185 and ML2652 with the highest yield and stability could be recommend to improve wheat yield and stability of Sichuan province.