湛江农垦蔗区甘蔗宿根矮化病调查研究

Survey of Sugarcane Ratoon Stunting Disease in Zhanjiang

甘蔗宿根矮化病(Ratoon Stunting Disease,RSD)是一种世界性的重要甘蔗病害,对甘蔗生产为害较重。为了明确湛江农垦蔗区甘蔗RSD的发生情况,为健康种苗生产提供科学依据。本文应用斑点杂交酶链免疫法(DotBlotEnzymelinkedImmunoAssay,DB-EIA),对随机采于湛江农垦丰收、华海及广前三个主要蔗区的1935个蔗茎样品进行检测。结果表明,1935个样品中,RSD检出率为62.84%;广前公司蔗区、华海公司蔗区及丰收公司蔗区RSD发生率分别为95.3%、80.9%及41.0%;主要栽培品种新台糖22号、新台糖25号、粤糖89-113、粤糖79-177的RSD检出率分别为55.0%、54.2%、84.3%及94.8%;新植蔗发生率64.2%,宿根蔗发生率61.3%;调查的12个品种和84个甘蔗生产队均可检测出RSD。RSD在湛江农垦蔗区已普遍发生且发生率较高,主要栽培品种感病严重。

Sugarcane ratoon stunting disease （RSD） is known to be an economically important disease of sugarcane in most counties where the crop is grown. In order to determine RSD infection levels and give data for developing healthy seedcane in Zhanjiang cane areas belongs to state farms bureau, 1935 stalk samples were taken from Fengshou, Huahai and Guangqian cane fields and tested using Dot Blot Enzyme linked Immuno Assay （DB-EIA） in October 2006. This survey showed the widespread occurrence of RSD in three surveyed farms cane areas, and major commercial varieties with high incidence of RSD. The average percentage of infected stalks was 62.84% in total 1935 stalk samples, the main positive samples rate in Fengshou, Huahai and Guangqian were 95.3%, 80.9% and 41.0%, respectively, the average stalk infection levels in major cultivations ROC22, ROC25, YT89-113 and YT79-177 were 55.0%, 54.2%, 84.3% and 94.8%, respectively. In addition, the average percentages of infected stalks in plant and ratoon cane were 64.2% and 61.3%, respectively. Positive samples could be detected in every variety and team of all 12 sampled commercial varieties and 84 surveyed team where cane is planted.